The 410 is actually a european designation that was considered the "garden gun" in early 1900's.
North American servicemen brought the ".410" to this continent when they returned from the first world war. The earliest US production that I am aware of for the 44 shot (smooth bore) was by Stevens and that patent was 1906.
The actual 410 doesnt appear in us manufacturers literature until about 1915. Not sure what you have but if it is a rifled barrel it is probably a 44-40 which will often shoot a 410 shell if 2.5 inches.
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The history of the .410 shotgun is a bit murky, but it seems to have originated in Europe, probably Germany, around 1910. This explains why the 1908 Sears and Roebuck catalog lists many, many shotguns for sale but no .410s. In Europe, the cartridge was given a metric designation, 12 mm. As our name indicates, however, the gun has a bore diameter of .410 inches, and this is a different way of expressing the size of the gun than is used with other shotguns, for which the term “gauge” is used. Remington-UMC manufactured 2-inch and 2-1/2 inch .410 ammo beginning in 1915. Winchester followed suit in 1916. Sources say that the Iver Johnson Champion appeared in 1909, but it was made in many gauges, and it is likely that the .410 appeared at a later date. At any rate, the .410 was in operation well before 1920. Someone with access to old gun and ammunition catalogs may find other interesting info.
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