I read an interesting article on Tom Roster's database. Essentially he has collected data on over 20 000 birds, 1 shot kills at known ranges, that underwent necroscopy, and then used this info to compile recommended loads.
A quick summary can be found here.
https://gf.nd.gov/hunting/nontoxic-shot-lethality
But the full database has a lot more information and insights, for example that "hypervelocity" steel doesn't penetrate any better than 1400fps.
Anyways, wondering if anyone has read/reviewed/paid for the full PDF and had any comments or reviews.