I brought a pup in from Europe and it needed a pet passport with the initial vaccinations. Here is a link to get some inform.
http://inspection.gc.ca/animals/terr.../1331876307796
There are regulations on crate size for shipping (find this on line as well for each air line it is different). Check the airlines for pet shipping as there is differences in fees as well as history on incidents with pets (United and Delta come to mind immediately).
Dog comes in as cargo - you go to the cargo shipment pick up, sign forms, pay a fee, then go to customs with the paperwork, CBSA reviews the paperwork, pay another fee, paper work is stamped, back to cargo - show paper work, get pup and crate -- outside to the parking lot and a new bundle of fur is all over you as no one has paid any attention to it for hours. Remember treats, a little food and water. Time on the tarmac and flying ours was in the crate for 12+ hours.